The 1991-D Lincoln Cent is an interesting coin for both collectors and casual enthusiasts. Minted at the Denver Mint, this coin has a large production number but is actually quite unique in its own right. In this guide, we’ll explore its background, design features, market data, and tips for collectors. Let’s take a closer look!
Background of the 1991-D Lincoln Cent
In 1991, the Denver Mint produced a staggering 4,158,442,076 Lincoln Memorial Cents. Although this number is huge, it was actually the lowest output for D-Mint cents throughout the entire 1990s. This decrease in production was largely due to the Gulf War recession, which affected coin circulation and demand during that time.
Collecting the 1991-D Lincoln Cent
If you find a circulated 1991-D Lincoln Cent, it generally won’t have any special value. Most collectors focus on Mint State Red (MSRD) coins, which are coins in excellent condition. These coins can range from inexpensive options that only cost the certification fee to high-value coins priced around $90 for those graded MS68RD.
Most of these Lincoln Cents come from the United States Mint’s 1991 Uncirculated Coin Set, which included one of each coin made for circulation that year. The Mint sold 1,352,101 of these sets at a price of $11 back in 1991. Today, these sets can be found for under $10 on websites like eBay.
Rarity and Market Value
The highest grade for this coin is MS69RD, and only 29 coins are known to exist at this level. As more coins are submitted for grading, this number may increase. The market value for MS69RD coins can vary greatly, with recent sales ranging from $3,500 to $11,000. Such price differences are often due to various factors, including market demand and collector interest.
According to the Professional Coin Grading Service (PCGS), the population of MS69RD coins rose from three in January 2022 to nine as of September 2024. This increase shows growing interest among collectors and suggests that more of these coins may soon be graded.
Market Data and Noteworthy Specimens
The market for the 1991-D Lincoln Cent has been quite active. Here are some notable market data points:
Top Population Grades
| Grade | Number Known (as of September 2024) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| PCGS MS69RD | 9 | Highest known grade |
| NGC MS69RD | 20 | Also in excellent condition |
| CAC MS67RD | 0 (only 2 stickered: graded) | Fewer examples available |
Auction Highlights
| Coin Description | Auction Date | Sale Price |
|---|---|---|
| PCGS MS69RD #47745837 | November 12, 2023 | $5,850 |
| NGC MS69RD #5764684-006 | April 30, 2023 | $720 |
| PCGS MS69RD #9628381 (Reverend Rock Collection) | February 25, 2022 | $11,400 |
These figures highlight how valuable these coins can be, especially those in better condition.
Design Features of the Coin
The 1991-D Lincoln Cent features designs that are well-known and have remained consistent over the years.
Obverse Side
On the front (or obverse), the coin shows:
- A left-facing bust of Abraham Lincoln.
- The words IN GOD WE TRUST above him and LIBERTY to his left.
- The date 1991 on the right side, with the D mintmark from Denver below the date.
Reverse Side
On the back (or reverse), the design includes:
- The Lincoln Memorial with E PLURIBUS UNUM above it.
- The words UNITED STATES OF AMERICA along the top rim and ONE CENT below the Memorial.
- Frank Gasparro’s initials (FG) appear on the lower right side of the Memorial.
Edge
The edge of the coin is plain and smooth, similar to many modern coins.
Specifications of the Coin
Here are the important specifications for the 1991-D Lincoln Cent:
| Specification | Detail |
|---|---|
| Country | United States of America |
| Year of Issue | 1991 |
| Denomination | One Cent (USD) |
| Mintmark | D (Denver) |
| Mintage | 4,158,442,076 |
| Alloy Composition | 99.2% zinc, 0.8% copper |
| Weight | 2.50 g |
| Diameter | 19.05 mm |
| Edge | Plain (smooth) |
| OBV Designer | Victor David Brenner |
| REV Designer | Frank Gasparro |
Tips for Collectors
If you want to collect the 1991-D Lincoln Cent, here are some tips to keep in mind:
- Learn the Basics: Understand the coin’s history and characteristics to appreciate its value.
- Look for Certification: Always check for certification from reliable grading services.
- Choose Quality: Focus on higher-grade coins (like MS68RD or MS69RD) to maximize your investment.
- Be Patient: Finding the best examples may take time, but it will be worth it in the end.
- Join Communities: Engage with other collectors through online forums or local clubs to learn more and share your passion.
Conclusion
The 1991-D Lincoln Cent is an intriguing coin with a unique history. Despite its high production number, its rarity in certain grades makes it a valuable piece for collectors. By understanding its design, market value, and specifications, collectors can appreciate what makes this coin special. Whether you’re just starting or are an experienced collector, the 1991-D Lincoln Cent offers a fascinating journey into the world of numismatics.
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
1. What makes the 1991-D Lincoln Cent rare?
The 1991-D Lincoln Cent is considered rare due to its low mintage of over 4 billion coins, making it one of the less commonly sought-after dates in the Lincoln Cent series. However, specific high-grade examples, especially in MS69RD condition, attract significant attention and value.
2. Why are collectors interested in the 1991-D Lincoln Cent now?
Collectors are gaining interest in the 1991-D Lincoln Cent due to its potential for appreciation in value, especially as more coins are certified at higher grades. The rarity of high-quality examples, coupled with recent market trends, has driven attention.
3. How can I determine the value of my 1991-D Lincoln Cent?
The value of a 1991-D Lincoln Cent can be determined by its condition, grading, and market demand. Consulting resources like price guides, auction results, or professional grading services can help establish its current worth.